λύγξ

See also: Λυγξ and λυγξ

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /lýŋks/ → /lyŋks/ → /liŋks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lýŋks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /lyŋks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /lyŋks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /lyŋks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /liŋks/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *lú(n)ḱs (“lynx”) (compare Proto-Germanic *luhsaz, Lithuanian lū́šis, Old Armenian լուսանունք (lusanunkʿ, “lynxes”)), probably from a nasal-infixed palatal variant of the root *lewk- (“white; light; bright”), because of the cat's seemingly glowing eyes and ability to see in the dark. If so, cognates include λευκός (leukós), Sanskrit रोचते (rocate), Middle Persian 𐭩𐭥𐭬 (rōz [YWM], “day”) and Old English lēoht (noun; English light).

Noun

λύγξ • (lúnx) m or f (genitive λυγκός); third declension

1. lynx

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ, ἡ λύγξ; τοῦ, τῆς λυγκός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ, ἡ λύγξ ho, hē lúnx	τὼ λύγκε tṑ lúnke	οἱ, αἱ λύγκες hoi, hai lúnkes
Genitive	τοῦ, τῆς λυγκός toû, tês lunkós	τοῖν λυγκοῖν toîn lunkoîn	τῶν λυγκῶν tôn lunkôn
Dative	τῷ, τῇ λυγκῐ́ tôi, têi lunkí	τοῖν λυγκοῖν toîn lunkoîn	τοῖς, ταῖς λυγξῐ́ / λυγξῐ́ν toîs, taîs lunxí(n)
Accusative	τὸν, τὴν λῦγκᾰ tòn, tḕn lûnka	τὼ λύγκε tṑ lúnke	τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς λύγκᾰς toùs, tā̀s lúnkas
Vocative	λύγξ lúnx	λύγκε lúnke	λύγκες lúnkes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Latin: lynx (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 2

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *lewǵ- (“to break, shatter”). Related to Latin lugeō (“to mourn, grieve”), Sanskrit रुजति (rujati, “to break open, shatter, injure, cause pain”).

Noun

λύγξ • (lúnx) f (genitive λυγγός); third declension

1. hiccup

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ λύγξ; τῆς λυγγός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ λύγξ hē lúnx	τὼ λύγγε tṑ lúnge	αἱ λύγγες hai lúnges
Genitive	τῆς λυγγός tês lungós	τοῖν λυγγοῖν toîn lungoîn	τῶν λυγγῶν tôn lungôn
Dative	τῇ λυγγῐ́ têi lungí	τοῖν λυγγοῖν toîn lungoîn	ταῖς λυγξῐ́ / λυγξῐ́ν taîs lunxí(n)
Accusative	τὴν λῦγγᾰ tḕn lûnga	τὼ λύγγε tṑ lúnge	τᾱ̀ς λύγγᾰς tā̀s lúngas
Vocative	λύγξ lúnx	λύγγε lúnge	λύγγες lúnges
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

• “λύγξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, pages 506, 398